Cloud-native 5G SA core
Stateless control-plane NFs on Kubernetes, pinned to 3GPP Release 19. Any pod can die and be rescheduled with zero UE-visible loss.
The core →The GSM‑R successor · UIC FRMCS v2.1 aligned
The railway network
that thinks.
An AI-native Future Railway Mobile Communication System: a cloud-native 5G SA core, O-RAN base stations along the line, tethered drone cells that take flight when disaster strikes, and a satellite / NTN tier above it all — one network, three skies, zero dead zones.
0edge latency for train control
0availability engineered for
0FRMCS services, trackside + on-board
0coverage continuity at speed
Coverage architecture
Three skies. One network.
FRMCS.ai layers three radio skies over every kilometre of track, and lets AI decide — per application, per second — which one carries each packet.
~550 kmOrbital tier
Satellite / NTN mesh
3GPP NTN over LEO and GEO keeps remote lines, deserts, mountain passes and disaster zones connected when nothing else is. Always on, always overhead.
~120 mAerial tier
Tethered drone-hosted gNB cells
Docked along the corridor in standby. When disaster takes a mast down — or a new line needs coverage before its towers exist — a gNB cell is airborne and serving in minutes.
0 mTerrestrial tier
5G SA trackside network
The workhorse. O-RAN gNBs on masts and gantries carry the everyday FRMCS network along the whole line — backed by a stateless cloud-native 5G core pinned to 3GPP Release 19.
On-boardTrain tier
TOBA multipath gateway
The on-board FRMCS gateway bonds all three skies at once. Train control rides the lowest-latency bearer; CCTV and diagnostics steer to whichever sky has capacity.
The platform
Everything a digital railway needs to speak.
O-RAN base stations
Spec-grounded O-DU with a Go control plane and a C data path — F1AP, E2, O1, nFAPI — ready for RIC-driven optimisation.
The gNB →Drone-borne cells
Tethered UAVs host gNB radios at 120 m — docked in standby, launched by AI when disaster downs a mast or a corridor needs cells before its towers exist.
Elastic Sky →Satellite multipath
NTN bearers bonded with terrestrial 5G, so a train crossing a wilderness has the same conversation as one in a capital station.
Orbital tier →AI at the centre
A digital twin of every corridor: timetable-aware orchestration, predictive handovers, energy-optimal coverage, self-healing ops.
Intelligence →FRMCS application suite
REC emergency voice, ATP/ETCS, ATO, TCMS, PIS, CCTV and more — the full UIC FIS Figure 2 catalogue, trackside and on-board.
Applications →RailTwin-FRMCS Lab
Rehearse the corridor before you build it: virtual trains, tunnels, failures — and all three skies, drone cells and satellite included — over NVIDIA Sionna and Aerial Omniverse Digital Twin physics.
RailTwin →
Elastic Sky
When disaster strikes, coverage takes flight.
Towers carry the everyday network. But floods, fires, storms and derailments take masts down — and every minute without FRMCS is a line stood still, an incident site with no communications.
Elastic Sky is the recovery tier: tethered drones docked along the corridor, held mission-ready by AI. When the ground tier fails — or a new corridor needs service before its towers are built — a drone-hosted gNB cell is airborne in minutes, restoring the network from 120 m.
How Elastic Sky works- Airborne in minutes, unlimited hover — power and fibre fronthaul run through the tether.
- 3–5× the footprint of a 30 m mast from a 120 m vantage point.
- Disaster recovery: REC, voice and ETCS data restored over the failed sector within minutes.
- Rapid deployment: a corridor is live in days while permanent towers are planned and built.
- Towers stay the workhorse — drones fly only when they are needed.
- Digital twin of every train, cell, drone and satellite pass — updated in real time.
- Predictive handover: a train's path is known; the network pre-arms every cell along it.
- Per-app bearer steering: ETCS on the fastest sky, CCTV on the cheapest.
- Closed-loop assurance: anomalies detected, diagnosed and healed before drivers notice.
- Intent-based ops: tell the network the service plan; it builds the coverage plan.
One brain
AI isn't a feature. It's the operating model.
Railways are the perfect environment for machine intelligence: trains move on known paths, on known schedules, with known priorities. FRMCS.ai exploits that determinism — RIC xApps and rApps, timetable-aware orchestration and a live corridor twin turn the whole network into one closed learning loop.
Inside the intelligence layer
Built on open standards
Spec-grounded, globally interoperable.
Every protocol, codec and API is implemented against the published standard — UIC FRMCS v2.1 (uic.org), 3GPP Release 19, O-RAN, ERA ERTMS subsets — so it drops into any railway on Earth.
UIC FRMCS v2.1
3GPP Release 19
O-RAN
ERA ERTMS / ETCS
ETSI MCX
3GPP NTN
oneM2M IoT
GSM-R is sunsetting. The future is boarding.
FRMCS.ai works with railways, infrastructure managers and integrators worldwide planning their FRMCS migration. Let's design your corridor.